Make America Great Again Woman Trump Supporters
February 5, 2021
New nationwide survey shows MAGA supporters' beliefs about the pandemic, the ballot and the coup
A new University of Washington written report examines the behavior of fervent Trump supporters about the pandemic, the ballot and the January riot at the U.S. Capitol.Blink O'fanaye
In the wake of the Capitol riot and on the eve of former President Trump'south 2nd impeachment trial, new data from the University of Washington reveals the attitudes and beliefs that are growing inside the Republican Political party.
Surveys of hundreds of fervent Trump voters, whom researchers refer to equally Make American Groovy Once again (MAGA) supporters, reveal strong beliefs that the election was stolen; that COVID-nineteen is a bioweapon from China; and that the anarchism was the work of antifa. The data, collected just before and after the Capitol riot, is believed to be the only information of its kind, shedding light on MAGA supporters' opinions most race, gender, the pandemic and the 2020 election.
The data also uncovers demographic information that may dispel some myths nigh difficult-core Trump supporters: Nearly half of MAGA adherents, for instance, roughly half earn at to the lowest degree $50,000 a year, considered middle-income by many standards, and approximately one-third accept at least a college caste.
"Right at present, these people feel like they're losing their country and their identity. They experience like they're being displaced by communities of color, past feminists and past immigrants. These people are motivated by what they meet as an existential threat to their style of life," said Christopher Sebastian Parker, professor of political scientific discipline at the UW and co-author of the research.
The results have not yet been peer-reviewed and will be submitted to an academic periodical, Parker said.
The impetus for the study was something Parker and co-author Rachel Blum of the Academy of Oklahoma take been pursuing in their individual research for years: what drives the Trump wing of the GOP, which in many means builds on the Tea Party movement of a decade ago. The 2 researchers planned an online survey to be administered in tardily 2020—regardless of who won the November election—by placing ads on Facebook, identifying MAGA affinity groups. Nigh 1,500 people completed the survey at the end of December.
Then, later the January. 6 riot at the U.S. Capitol, Parker and Blum again surveyed respondents who had supplied their email addresses in the first wave of the study, providing rare insight into MAGA supporters' behavior and perspectives earlier and afterward that historic event. This time, about 300 people responded.
"The historic nature of the Capitol Anarchism, and the involvement of MAGA supporters, forced usa to re-interview people sooner than we preferred. Just we needed to capture how the outcome may accept affected their opinions on the land," Parker said.
Results of the Panel Study of the MAGA Movement are grouped by categories: demographics of the respondent and their views on republic and the election, on the Capitol anarchism, on COVID-xix, and on "divergence"—namely, race, gender and other characteristics.
Highlights of the findings include:
- Almost all (98%) of respondents said they believe Trump'due south ballot fraud claims and distrust the actual results of the presidential ballot;
- Virtually 90% said voting "shouldn't be easier"
- More than 2-thirds said Trump bears no responsibleness for the events of January. 6 – roughly the same percentage that laid the blame on antifa
- At least 90% said Trump was honest virtually COVID-xix, and that state and local government restrictions related to the pandemic should be loosened
- Most all said they were concerned that "forces are changing our country for the worse" and "the American way of life is disappearing"
The findings related to "difference"– race, gender and immigration status — provide an additional lens through which to view the MAGA movement, Parker said.
On race, significant majorities of respondents agreed with statements like "Black people should piece of work their mode upward like other minorities" and "Black people would exist as well off equally white people if they tried." Along the same lines, a majority disagreed with statements such equally "Slavery/discrimination fabricated working up difficult for Black people" and "Black people have gotten less than they deserve."
Like themes emerged in the results regarding women and immigration. A bulk of respondents agreed with statements such as "Women interpret innocent remarks as sexist," "Feminists are seeking more than power than men," and "Immigration is changing our civilisation for the worse."
Such statements are a reaction to decades of alter, from the civil rights and women'southward movements of the 1960s, to the election of President Obama and an increasingly multiracial guild, Parker said: "Like clockwork, whenever racial progress occurs, information technology'south followed—in short order—by racial retrenchment. Reconstruction, the Civil Rights Move, and the election of Barack Obama, are the virtually prominent examples."
Accessing supporters through affinity groups fell within a narrow window of opportunity, Parker said, given Facebook'south eventual crackdown on posts and pages that promoted baseless and dangerous ideas, and many conservatives' difference to other platforms.
In the 2nd wave of the study – the post-riot portion – researchers as well sought to make up one's mind what role race might take played in MAGA supporters' perspectives on events. Parker and Blum devised questions most whether the Jan. 6 riot was justified based on the thought that the ballot was stolen. If so, was it considering of voter fraud in Pennsylvania and Georgia, or considering of voter fraud in Philadelphia and Atlanta, ii cities predominantly made up of people of color.
Results showed 25 percent more of the respondents believed the anarchism was justified when the cities were mentioned, compared when but the states were included.
To further highlight supporters' views on the Capitol riot Parker and Blum then created word clouds, based on the themes that emerged when study participants described the events of Jan. half-dozen. The discussion clouds below testify the pattern in how MAGA supporters characterized events mostly as "small," "peaceful," and a "protestation" or "rally" (Topic 1) and on the most frequent terms used in explaining the cause of the riot (Topic 2).
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- This discussion cloud shows that written report participants mostly describe the events of Jan. 6 with terms similar "protest," "people" and "peaceful."
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- In this give-and-take cloud, terms such every bit "antifa," "BLM" and "Democrats" dominated MAGS supporters' explanation for what caused the anarchism.
Parker and Blum note in the study that these responses represented a puzzling mix, in terms of how the Capitol riot is viewed — in some ways as a peaceful protestation of the election, but also equally a riot incited by antifa and Blackness Lives Matter.
In the end, Parker said, the study shows the popularity of more than extremist views within the Republican Party, a pattern that dates back to the early 1960s when the party was divided between the more reactionary Sunbelt conservatives, and the more establishment East Coast conservatives. The same blueprint is essentially repeating itself. It'due south no wonder, he said, that members of the political party are fighting over whether to punish Congressional Republicans who voted for impeachment and/or those who promote conspiracy theories.
"1 of the two major political parties is essentially captured by these people. They're not going abroad any time soon. They were here before Trump, and they'll be here after Trump," Parker said.
Results of the report, including charts and information on data collection and survey methodology, are available here.
For more information, contact Parker at csparker@uw.edu.
Tag(s): Christopher Parker • College of Arts & Sciences • Section of Political Science
Source: https://www.washington.edu/news/2021/02/05/new-nationwide-survey-shows-maga-supporters-beliefs-about-the-pandemic-the-election-and-the-insurrection/
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